Trade

Finance

Dispute Settlement

China is said to be skillfully using inconsistencies in international trade rules to spur its own economy at the expense of others. On the one hand, China used WTO to fight protectionism in trade partners by filing more cases at WTO than any other country 2009 (filing four cases after filing only three in the previous seven years). On the other hand, China frustrated the toothless IMF by suppressing a series of I.M.F. reports since 2007 that concluded the renminbi was “substantially undervalued.”